The said agreement, by which both countries seek to deepen relations in all areas of common interest, and cooperation in security and defense, was signed in Moscow by the presidents of Russia, Vladimir Putin, and Iran, Masoud Pezeshkian, on January 17, 2025.

The text comprises 47 articles, which also provide for creating an advanced platform for transactions, independent of third countries, and the transition to payments in national currencies.

The treaty is valid for 20 years, with automatic five-year extensions.

It also strengthens direct cooperation between the two countries’ banks and promotes financial products.

The State Duma (Lower House) ratified the agreement on April 8.

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