According to data, only nine percent of plastic is recycled, while the rest becomes litter and pollutes seas, oceans, landfills, soil, and even the air.

Through the NUTEC Plastics initiative, launched in 2021, the IAEA is helping countries research microplastics already in the seas and using nuclear techniques to improve recycling and ultimately reduce the flow of plastic waste into the oceans.

The agency’s expert, Celina Horak, provided details on the use of radiation for plastic recycling, stating that research indicates that approximately 80 percent of this type of marine pollution originates on land, making interventions in this area essential.

“We are working on new materials that are both biodegradable and easy to recycle,” said the specialist, adding that this approach not only reduces dependence on fossil fuels but also supports circular economies by converting organic waste into valuable resources.

Horak stated that they are currently using radiation technology to transform plastic waste into more durable, stronger, and higher-value products. She also clarified that radiation used in this way is not hazardous and is considered a form of “green chemistry” because it allows materials to be processed without using toxic chemicals or subjecting them to extreme conditions such as high temperatures and pressures. “When we use radiation to create new bio-based plastics or to upcycle bio-based plastic waste, the process is clean, efficient, and environmentally friendly,” the IAEA expert stated.

According to the agency, of the 52 countries collaborating within the NUTEC Plastics upcycling initiative, nine have already established pilot plants and are putting their ideas into practice.

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